Zunyi Pod pepper # Local specialty #

1. Introduction
Zunyi small pepper is rich in nutrition, and the content of vitamin C per gram in fresh pepper is as high as 198 mg, ranking in the forefront of many varieties of pepper in China. The content of carotene is second only to carrot. Its medicinal value according to Yao Kecheng's "Food Herbs" records, has the function of "dispelling food, resolving qi, opening appetite, eliminating evil, killing the poison of fishy". Modern medicine has also proved that the capsaicin contained in capsicum does increase appetite, help digestion, excite nerves, increase temperature and keep out cold, promote blood circulation and kill insects and poison.

Zunyi Chaotian pepper is a local variety of dry pepper in Guizhou province. It has been widely planted. Mid-early maturity, plant height 70 cm, plant width 50×45 cm, 6 ~ 8 branches, 8 inflorescences. The fruit is single, the fruit is conical, the tip of the fruit is upward, the green ripe fruit is green, the dry fruit is deep red and shiny, the fruit is 3.5 cm in longitudinal diameter, 1.9 cm in transverse diameter, the meat is 0.15 cm thick, and the taste is very spicy.

2. Geographical scope
Nanbai Town, Longkeng Town, Sansha Town, Gujiang Town, Sanhe Town, Wujiang Town, Xiazi Town, Sandu Town, Xinzhou Town, Yongle Town, Longping Town, Trumpet Town, Tuanxi Town, Tiechang Town, Xiping Town, Shangji Town, Maoli Town, Xinmin Town, Yanxi Town, SLATE town, Leshan Town, Fengxiang Town, Panshui Town, Matou Town, Shawan Town, Songlin Town, Maoshi Town, Shanpen Town, Zhi Town Ma Town, Pingzheng Gelao Township, Hongguan Miao Township.
3. Cultural allusions
Pepper, native to subtropical areas of Central and South America, also known as pepper, sea pepper, chili, spicy eggplant, etc., belongs to the genus Solanaceae pepper, about the end of the Ming Dynasty through Europe, the Philippines into China's coastal, the early Qing Dynasty began to plant in my county, now has more than 300 years of planting history. According to the Daoguang "Zunyi Fu records", "peppers are clustered...... County people call the sea pepper, also known as spicy corner garden vegetables to product, every taste. Salt and wine stained people, can eat forever. Its shape has several kinds, long thin horn like, horn pepper; Fine as a small pen, cluster knot, tip up, the name of the (sound) pepper, two especially spicy. A flat garden shape, color or red or yellow, taste is not very spicy, known as bell pepper." This record first shows that during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, the people of Zunyi were inseparable from chilies, and second, it shows that there were many types of chilies cultivated at that time. After a long period of natural selection and human selection, the "Zunyi pepper" developed into "Zunyi small pepper", and later because of the fruits in the sky, people commonly called "Zunyi Chaotian pepper".
However, in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period, the majority of pepper farmers planted Zunyi small pepper (Chaotian pepper) mainly to eat, rarely as a commodity sales. Large-scale commercial production began after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and exports began to Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Japan in the late 1950s. In 1957, Zunyi County became the only county in the province with an annual output of tens of thousands of tons of pepper, and established a production base for exporting small pepper (Chaotian pepper). Since the mid-1970s, the county has been focusing on a variety of operations, and the supply and marketing cooperatives have actively helped farmers in producing areas to select and breed better varieties and promote advanced cultivation techniques. Zunyi Chaotian pepper has become one of the fist products in the bulk agricultural and sideline products in Zunyi County, with a general annual output of more than 2 million kilograms. At the same time, Zunyi Chaotian pepper has a long reputation in neighboring provinces, and is loved by people in Sichuan and Hunan, and sells well in Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Shaanxi and other provinces. From 1983 to 1988, the average annual purchase volume of Chaotian pepper reached more than 1.35 million kg, and in 1978 and 1988, it reached 1.98 million kg and 1.89 million kg, respectively, becoming the main cash crop products in the county after rape and flue-cured tobacco. Especially since 1998, the county Party committee and the county government have decided to increase the pace of adjustment of rural industrial structure, support and develop the pepper industry as a key industry in the construction of agricultural industrialization, and set up a special organization (pepper Industry Office). After several years of efforts, remarkable results have been achieved, and the pattern of pepper industrialization has been formed.
4. Natural ecological environment and cultural and historical factors
* Climate Zunyi County is a subtropical monsoon climate area, with an average annual temperature of 14.7℃, cool and humid all year round, no severe cold in winter and no scorching heat in summer, and a pleasant climate with an average annual precipitation of 1200 mm, an average annual sunshine of 1146.9 hours and a frost-free period of 270 days. In winter, late autumn and early spring, affected by the cold air from Siberia to the south, the wind direction is mostly northerly, due to the complex and changeable landform, the ground wind is mainly northeast wind, from late spring to summer, the warm and humid air in the west Pacific extends north to west, the cold air to the south becomes warmer and weaker, and the main wind direction is southerly or southeast wind. The average annual relative humidity is around 82%, and the average annual evaporation is 1150 mm.
According to the land rating, about 39% of the city's soil area belongs to grade 1 to 4 suitable for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry development, about 58% belongs to grade 5 to 7 suitable for forestry and animal husbandry development, and about 3% belongs to grade 8 "unsuitable" for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. The city's soil area, accounting for about 96% of the total land area (including natural soil and paddy fields, dry land). The total area of grain planted last year was 768.99 thousand hectares, an increase of 13.38 thousand hectares over the previous year. The planted area of oil was 142.84 thousand hectares, an increase of 0.31 thousand hectares over the previous year. The planted area of flue-cured tobacco was 68.03 thousand hectares, an increase of 2.56 thousand hectares over the previous year. In addition, 2.72 million mu of vegetables, 1.761 million mu of high-quality peppers and 671,000 mu of sorghum were planted. The tea plantation covers an area of 1.5 million mu. Soil types in the city: in the low mountain and hilly basin area, yellow soil, lime soil, paddy soil and tidal soil are mainly distributed, and the land utilization rate is high; In the low and middle mountains area, lime soil, purple soil and coarse bone soil are mainly distributed, and soil erosion is serious. The mountains above 1400 meters above sea level are mainly distributed with yellow brown soil, mostly forest and pasture land.
* Hydrology Zunyi river to Dalou Mountain range as the watershed, the Zunyi river is divided into Wujiang, Chishui River and Qijiang three major water systems, all belong to the Yangtze River basin. There are 9148.5 kilometers of river length with water flow in Zunyi City, the density of river network is 0.3 kilometers/square kilometers, and there are 416 rivers with a length of 10 kilometers or a rain collection area of more than 20 square kilometers. Among them, two main streams (Wujiang and Chishui River) have the benefit of navigation, and the inland river range is 441 kilometers, straight through the Yangtze River. There are 60 first-class tributaries, 168 second-class tributaries, 149 third-class tributaries, 33 fourth-class tributaries and 4 fifth-class tributaries. The surface (river) runoff is 17.880 billion cubic meters, about 17% of Guizhou province, and the water output per square kilometer is 580,000 cubic meters, about twice the national average. There are 463 rivers over 10 kilometers long in Zunyi city, all of which belong to the Yangtze River basin, with Dalou Mountain range as the watershed. The north and south are divided into two major river systems: Wujiang Area and upper Yangtze River main stream area. The upper Yangtze River main stream area includes Chishui River main stream and main tributaries such as Niudu River, Tongzi River and Xishui River, etc. The Wujiang area includes Bianyan River, Xiangjiang River, Yuqing River and Furong River, etc. The annual average river runoff of Zunyi City is 17.880 billion cubic meters, the groundwater runoff is 4.225 billion cubic meters, and the annual electricity generation of exploitable hydropower resources is 20.5 billion KWH, with the per capita occupancy of 1.85 times that of the country.
* Topography and geomorphology Zunyi city is located in the transition from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to Hunan hills and Sichuan basin, in the northeast of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the terrain is undulating and the landform types are complex. The altitude is generally from 1000 meters to 1600 meters, on the second level of the national terrain. The area of flat dam in the mountains of the city accounts for 7.4%, 30.7% of hills and 61.9% of mountains. The Dalou Mountain range runs from southwest to northeast, becoming a natural barrier and the watershed of the city's north-south water system, dividing Zunyi into two large areas in terms of landform, with the southern part accounting for 37.6% of the city's total area and the northern part accounting for 62.4%. Shannan is one of the main bodies of the Guizhou Plateau, mainly with low Zhongshan hills and wide valley basins. Generally, the cultivated land is relatively concentrated and contiguous, and the land utilization rate is high. Shannan is the main producing area of grain and oil crops. From Wujiang Valley margin to Dalou Mountain range, three levels of platform can be clearly seen: the lowest level is 1000 m ~ 1200 m above sea level, the middle level is 1300 m ~ 1350 m, and the highest level is 1500 m ~ 1600 m. In the north of the mountain, the mountains are mainly gorge, the mountains are high and the valleys are deep, the vertical difference between the mountains is obvious, and the cultivated land is relatively dispersed. The lowest elevation in the city is the mudflat dam in Baiyun Township, Chishui City, with an elevation of 215 meters; The highest point is Dalou Mountain range in the territory of the highest peak - north of Tongzi County Shixi town, circular, 2222 meters above sea level. According to the causes, the geomorphic types of the city can be divided into three categories: dissolution geomorphic area, dissolution tectonic geomorphic area and erosion geomorphic area. Among them, dissolution and dissolution tectonic landform (karst landform) are the most widely distributed, accounting for about 75% of the city's land area.
5. Geographical scope
Zunyi Chaotian pepper agricultural product geographical indication area protection covers 14 administrative counties and districts (cities) under the jurisdiction of Zunyi City, including 3 municipal districts (Honghuagang District, Huichuan District, Bozhou District), 7 counties (Suiyang County, Tongzi County, Zheng 'an County, Fenggang County, Meitan County, Yuqing County, Xishui County), 2 autonomous counties (Daozhen Mulao nationality and Miao nationality Autonomous County, Wuchuan Mulao nationality and Miao nationality Autonomous County). And two county-level cities (Chishui City, Renhuai City). Geographical longitude 105°40 '-107 °56' east, latitude 27°12 '-29 °09' north.
6. Product quality characteristics
Test the quality of the Dried Chilli. The vitamin C content is 14.81 ~ 18.28mg/100g. Crude fat 3.55 ~ 10.51%; Crude fiber 27.3 ~ 38.5%; Crude protein 13.4 ~ 15.2g/100g; Capsaicin 591 ~ 2947 mg/kg; Dry matter 84.9 ~ 93.7%; Horseradin 25.80 ~ 45.52E (1%1cm); Moisture 10.0 ~ 19.0%; Ash content 4.01 ~ 9.23%.
Ball seed pepper: The quality of dried pepper products was tested, and the content of vitamin C was 15.69 ~ 67.49mg/100g; Crude fat 4.5-7.0%; Crude fiber 26.6 ~ 39.4%; Crude protein 12.3-16.0g /100g; Capsaicin 377 ~ 1403mg/kg; Dry matter 84.7 ~ 94.4%; Horseradin 25.38-45.48E (1%1cm); Moisture 13.3 ~ 25.7%; Ash content 4.01 ~ 9.23%.
Finger-shaped pepper: The quality of dried pepper products was tested, the content of vitamin C was 15.49 ~ 66.17mg/100g; Crude fat 4.1 ~ 10.3%; Crude fiber 27.7 ~ 41.1%; Crude protein 11.1 ~ 17.7%g/100g; Capsaicin 1951 ~ 5623mg/kg; Dry matter 84.6 ~ 97.4%; Horseradin 37.38-63.70E (1%1cm); Moisture 10.3 ~ 20.1%; Ash content 4.93 ~ 8.47%.
7. Specific production methods
* With a perfect production standardization system, the technical working group composed of multiple departments such as quality technical supervision and agricultural technology earnestly summarizes Zunyi planting technology, verifies and improves technical test data, and has formulated and released 7 local standards of Zunyi City since 2013, including "Pepper Seedling Technology" GB5203/ T6-2013. Technical Regulations for Pepper Pest Control DB5203/T 9-2013, Technical Regulations for Pollution-free Pepper Production DB5203/T 13-2013, Technical Regulations for Organic Food Pepper Production DB5203/T 15-2013, Zun Pepper No. 1 and No. 2 varieties and Cultivation technical Regulations GD52/T 964-2014, Suiyang Millet Pepper Varieties and Cultivation Technical Regulations DB52/T 965-2014 and other technical standards. And completed 28 pollution-free, organic food origin product certification work. In recent years, through the construction of core demonstration areas, the introduction of new varieties, the adoption of ecological integrated cultivation technologies such as pepper floating seedling breeding, water-saving irrigation, soil testing and fertilizer formulation, and green prevention and control of diseases and pests, combined with long-term local pepper planting experience, through standardized technology promotion, pepper production and quality have been significantly improved, and the industrialization level has been significantly improved.
* There are 34 companies specializing in chili drying (processing) in Zunyi City. In 2015, through the application of "Guizhou Province 2015 Agricultural products (fruits and vegetables) primary processing subsidy Policy Project", the construction of 48 cold storage facilities (cold storage), the construction of 89 drying facilities (including 3 ordinary drying rooms, 82 hot air drying rooms, and 4 drying cellars), the new storage capacity of 9.7 million tons, drying capacity of 107 tons/day. Used for postharvest treatment of pepper production.

* Processing and sales The city has formed a dry (fresh) pepper market network system centered on the wholesale market of shrimp seeds and peppers and linked by important producing town markets in Zunyi, Suiyang, Meitan, Fenggang, Yuqing, Zheng 'an and other counties. There are more than 20 producing area markets with a scale of 68,000 square meters, with an annual trading volume of 200,000 tons of Dried Peppers and 120,000 tons of fresh peppers. Annual turnover of 3.5 billion yuan, of which the Ministry of Agriculture designated shrimp pepper professional wholesale market, the scale of about 42,000 square meters, dried pepper annual trading volume of 75,000 tons, the market annual turnover of 1.2 billion yuan. The sales volume of Zunyi Chaotian pepper in the shrimp pepper market accounts for more than 90% of the total sales volume of pepper in the market. It is the main raw material of famous pepper food processing enterprises such as Guizhou "Lao Gan Ma", "GUI Sanhong", "Guizhou Dragon", "Thirteen incense", "Guanling Broken bridge and Paprika", Kunming Danshan Food Factory, etc. Zunyi pepper enjoys a reputation in the national market and is favored by the majority of consumers. Popular in Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan, Hubei, Shanghai, Xinjiang and other more than 20 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions and Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, India, the United States, Mexico, South Korea, more than 10 countries in Southeast Asia and Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and other regions.

7.1 Varieties
Cone pepper is selected Zunjiao No. 1, Zunspicy No. 1, No. 6 and other cone shaped fruits of the upgrowing pepper, dry and fresh dual-use, growth period 182 days. The plant is compact, the plant height is 82 cm, the plant width is 58 cm, the leaves are dark green, the petals are white, the fruit is conical and growing upward, the average number of fruit per plant is 29.7, the green fruit is green, the old ripe fruit is dark red, the fruit length is 1.8-5.2cm, the transverse diameter is 1.3-3.1cm, the pulp thickness is 0.07cm, the average fruit weight of dried pepper is 1.2g, the fruit surface is smooth. Medium spicy, disease resistance, high temperature resistance; The average yield of dried pepper is 200 ~ 250kg, and the output value is about 5000 yuan per mu.
Zunjiao No. 2, Zunspicy No. 5, 7, 9, 10 and other finger-shaped pepper growing in the sky. Dry and fresh dual use type, growth period 183 days. The plant is compact, the plant height is 84cm, the plant width is 56cm, the leaves are dark green, the petals are white, the fruits are thin finger-shaped, the growth is upward, the average number of fruit per plant is 46.7, the green fruits and the dried fruits are bright red, the fruit length is 4.5-8.4cm, the transverse diameter is 0.2-1.51cm, the pulp thickness is 0.06cm, the average fruit weight is 1.1g, the plant is spicy, the plant is resistant to disease and high temperature. The average yield of dried pepper is 200 ~ 250kg, and the output value is about 5000 yuan per mu.
Tuanzi pepper is selected from the cherry or persimmon type of fruit type, such as Meijiang Mingzhu, Zunjiao No. 3, dry and fresh dual-use type, with a growth period of 183 days. The plant is compact, the plant height is 75cm, the plant width is 56cm, the leaves are dark green, the petals are white, the fruit is cherry type, the growth is upward, the average number of fruit per plant is 32.6, the green fruit is green, the old ripe fruit is dark red, the fruit surface is smooth, the length is 2.0-4.1cm and the transverse diameter is 2.5-4.2cm, the flesh is 0.07cm thick, the single fruit weighs 1.2g, and the spicy taste is medium. Resistance to disease and high temperature. The average yield of dried pepper is 200 ~ 250kg, and the output value is about 5000 yuan per mu.
7.2 Raising Seedlings
* Seed quality shall meet the requirements of GB 16715.3.
* Nursery bed selection seedling site should be selected leeward to the sun, flat terrain, convenient irrigation, convenient transportation, and convenient place to take seedlings.
* Seedlings from late January to early March.
* Seed quantity 20g ~ 50g.
7.2.1 Seedling rearing method
1. Nutrient block seedling cultivation, seedling bed preparation nutrient soil is generally prepared with high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer and fertile tillage soil according to the ratio of 3:7. When preparing, 500g urea, 2000g calcium, 500g potassium sulfate and 50g soil disinfectant are added to every 10m2 ~ 12m2 seedling bed, evenly spread into the soil and mix well. Close tightly with a plastic film lid for 15d. Planting 667m2 pepper requires 10m2 ~ 12m2 seedling bed, each nutrient block,5.0cm×5.0cm.
Seeding method: Sow 1 ~ 2 seeds per nutrient block, pour water through the seedling bed the day before seeding, cover the nutrient soil 0.8cm ~ 1cm after seeding, cover the mulch in time and button the small arch shed to increase temperature and moisture, and promote early emergence.
2. Float seedlings, build seedling pond in steel frame (bamboo) shed to raise seedlings. For each 667m2 planting area, a seedling pond of 5 m2 with a height of 12cm was built. Determine the size of the seedling pond according to the planting area. The bottom of the nursery pond is covered with film, and the outer edge of the film should cover the ridge around the pond.
Matrix selection matrix requirements: Peat: perlite: husk: vermiculite = 60:20:15:5. 3.5.5.2.3 Selection of Floating disc Foam lightweight floating disc (made of polystyrene foam), size 52cm×33cm, 57cm× 36cm, each floating disc 160 holes. 3.5.5.2.4 Pond Water Management The seedling pond should be filled with clean, pollution-free water the day before sowing, and the PH value is 6.0 to 7.5.
Disinfect the tray before loading and sowing, check whether the bottom hole of the floating tray is blocked, and drill through the blocked one first. Sow 1 ~ 2 seeds at each point, and the sowing depth is 0.8cm ~ 1cm. After sowing, the pan is evenly sifted (sprinkled) with a small amount of substrate to cover the seeds, and then the drift tray is placed in the nursery tank.
3. Seedling pond is built in the steel frame (bamboo) shed to raise seedlings.
Select conical or non-inverted trapezoid, 105 points/plate or 128 points/plate.
Matrix selection and filling matrix requirements: Peat: perlite: husk: vermiculite = 75:5:10:5. PH value 5.5 ~ 6, the filling should be uniform, the filling material must be the same, and the matrix material must be consistent. Filling: First of all, the substrate must be moistened, the water is sprayed first, and the water content is required to reach 60%, that is, the hand is held into a group, and the landing is scattered.
Sowing method 1 ~ 2 seeds were sown at each point. After sowing, the seeds were covered with 0.8cm ~ 1cm thick substrate by a uniform sieve on the pan surface. Then cover the mulch, buckle the small arch shed, in order to warm and moisturize, promote early emergence of seedlings.
4. Seedling management
Temperature and humidity management before emergence should cover strict agricultural film, strict insulation and moisture. In the seedling stage, we should take measures of moisture preservation and ventilation in time to reduce the occurrence of diseases.
5. Fertilizer management Applied fertilizer should meet the requirements specified in NY/T 496; Fertilizer application techniques shall comply with the requirements specified in NY/T 497. 3.5.6.3 Seedling disease and pest management comprehensive control, prevention is the main. Smoking is not allowed in the nursery. Wash hands with soapy water before carrying out all farming operations to prevent the spread of disease. If the diseased plant is found in the seedling bed, it should be removed in time.
6. 7d ~ 10d before transplanting, control water and fertilizer, and then transplanting to the field.
7. Strong seedling standard no pests, the growth is uniform, the leaf color is thick green, the root system is developed, the stem is thick, the stem diameter is 0.3cm ~ 0.4cm, the seedling height is 8㎝ ~ 12㎝, the leaf age is 6 ~ 8 leaves, the seedling age is 45d ~ 60d.
7.3 Field management
7.3.1 Land preparation should be selected with fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, no solanaceae crops planted for more than three years, and slightly acidic or neutral land. After the preparation of the ground according to 1.2m ~ 1.5m open box for the cardigan, cardigan width 0.7m ~ 1.0m, cardigan height 0.15m ~ 0.3m. Tile back mulching film was made after the bed surface with sufficient base fertilizer was poured with water.
7.3.2 Transplanting 6 to 8 true leaves of conventional varieties seedlings. Two rows were planted in each chamber, two plants were transplanted, row spacing was 0.4m ~ 0.6m, plant spacing was 0.20m ~ 0.26m, and 3000 ~ 4000 broods were planted every 667 m2. The hybrid seedlings were transplanted with 6 to 8 true leaves, 2 rows in each box, and single plants, with row spacing of 0.4m ~ 0.6m, plant spacing of 0.3m ~ 0.45m, and 2500m ~ 3500m every 667 m2. Choose cold tail and warm head weather, pin type transplanting, first in the film to make a planting hole, 6cm deep. After transplanting the seedlings, water should be poured in time to fix the root while spraying to control the tiger. Finally, soil should be used to seal the area around the planting hole.
7.3.3 Plant adjustment The hybrid varieties were transplanted 25d ~ 30d, and all lateral buds, branches and Menpepper (flower) below the first branch of the plant were artificially removed after the dew dried on sunny days.
7.3.4 Fertilization
Fertilization should comply with the relevant provisions of GB 15063, GB 18877, NY 884, NT/T 496, NY525-2012. Apply more organic fertilizer and base fertilizer; Reasonable topdressing, increased application of potassium fertilizer to maintain soil fertility balance.
* Base fertilizer plowing every 667m2 apply decomposed organic fertilizer 1000kg ~ 2000kg (or commercial organic fertilizer 250kg ~ 500kg), after ridging every 667m2 trench with total nutrient content of 45% or more N: P2O5: K2O= 1:1:1 compound fertilizer 50kg ~ 100kg as base fertilizer.
* Topdressing pepper seedlings were transplanted for 20d at a depth of 5cm, 10cm away from the stem base of pepper seedlings, and each 667 m2 was applied with poach water (300kg ~ 500kg) + urea (3kg ~ 5kg) according to seedling condition; 45d to 50d after transplantation, in the middle of two adjacent nests of pepper seedlings, at a depth of 5cm to 10cm, the pepper seedlings were treated with decaying water (500kg to 800kg) + urea (5kg to 10kg) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (5kg to 10kg) every 667 m2. After harvesting, topdressing according to seedling conditions (5kg urea, 5kg potassium sulfate or 15kg ~ 20kg high-quality compound fertilizer with a total nutrient content of more than 45% per 667 m2).
7.4 Pest control
7.4.1 Major diseases and pests The major diseases of Zunyi Zhaotian pepper include quenching disease, gray mold disease, virus disease, blight, bacterial wilt and so on. The main insect pests are tea yellow mite, thrips, Litterworm, tobacco green worm, small ground tiger, cotton bollworm, mole cricket, cricket, aphids and so on.
7.4.2 Prevention and control measures In view of the occurrence characteristics of major diseases and pests, comprehensive consideration of various factors affecting the occurrence of diseases and pests, promote the application of ecological regulation, biological control, physical and chemical induction control, scientific drug use and other green prevention and control technologies to prevent and control diseases and pests. The use of pesticides should comply with the provisions of GB4285, GB/T8321 and NY/T1276, and the pest control methods should be implemented in accordance with the "Zunyi Zhaotian Pepper Green Control Technical Regulations".
7.4.3 Timely harvesting According to the use of pepper products combined with fruit maturity timely harvesting, general door pepper, pepper to timely harvesting, thereafter, in principle, the fruit fully expanded, hard flesh, fruit shiny, green pepper can be harvested. For pickled peppers and fresh food, whether green, soy color, red, according to market requirements or processing requirements for harvesting. The fresh red pepper can be harvested only after the fruit is completely turned red, and the dried pepper can be harvested according to the red pepper harvesting standard. Harvest should be combined with pepper maturity to seize the favorable weather timely harvest, generally should be carried out in the morning and afternoon on sunny days and cloudy days, rainy and dewy weather should not be harvested. The tools used in the harvest process should be clean and pollution-free, no chemical agents should be used after harvest, and the quality of the products must meet the requirements of GB18406.1. Adopt stratified, multiple harvesting method, mature batch, harvest batch. The dried pepper should be dried with the picking (drying) to ensure that the fruit is bright and prevent deterioration. Before packaging, the miscellaneous and rotten fruits should be removed. Fresh peppers should be packaged in clean bamboo frames, cartons and breathable soft bags. Dry peppers should be packaged in clean cartons or non-toxic plastic bags.
7.4.4 Cleaning the field plant residues, insect nests, caries and debris should be removed at any time, and weeds in the field and surrounding areas should be uprooted in time after harvesting to keep the field clean.
8. Product quality features and quality safety regulations
8.1 Product quality features
Zunyi Chaotian pepper has three types: cone pepper, finger pepper and ball seed pepper. Zunyi Chaotian pepper is generally known as "Zunyi Chaotian Pepper" because of its upturned growth. Zunyi Chaotian pepper is red in color and has the characteristics of small, thick meat, smooth oil, warm alcohol taste, spicy coordination, etc., and rich in a variety of vitamins, minerals and organic acids. Its Vc, dry matter, protein, capsaicin, fat and other contents are more, and the processing adaptability is good. Conical pepper, shaped like a cone, dry and fresh type, dark green leaves, white petals, conical fruit, growing upward, green fruit, old ripe fruit red date, fruit surface is smooth, spicy medium. Fruit length 1.8cm ~ 5.2cm, transverse diameter 1.3cm ~ 3.1cm, dried fruit weight 1.1g ~ 2.6g; Finger-shaped pepper, shaped like a fine finger, with upward, green fruit, dried fruit bordeaux, spicy. Fruit length 4.5cm ~ 8.4cm, transverse diameter 0.8cm ~ 1.5cm, dried fruit weight 1.2g ~ 2.3g; Ball seed pepper, like persimmon, skin slightly wrinkled, leaves dark green, petals white, growing upward, green fruit, old ripe fruit jujube red, fruit hardness is good, thick flesh, medium spicy taste. Fruit length 2.0cm ~ 4.1cm, diameter 2.5cm ~ 4.2cm, diameter 2.5cm ~ 4.2cm, dried fruit weight 1.4g ~ 2.5g.